Which therapy is described as low level electrical stimulation used to produce limb movement for ADLs?

• A. NMES
• B. FES
• C. IFT
• D. Ultrasound

Answer: (B)

Functional electrical stimulation is the approach that uses low-intensity electrical currents to elicit a controlled muscle contraction that supports performing daily activities. The aim is to enable functional tasks such as reaching, grasping, or walking by timing and coordinating the stimulation with the intended movement, rather than just producing generic muscle contractions. This makes it especially useful for helping people perform ADLs by integrating the electrical input into functional tasks. It differs from other electrical therapies in that neuromuscular electrical stimulation is often used for strengthening or re-education without the functional task emphasis. The other modalities (interferential therapy and ultrasound) are not designed to drive limb movements for ADLs.